Chapter-23 Our Rural Governance QAns

                    CH-23 OUR RURAL GOVERNANCE

Q1. Mention three levels of the local self – governing bodies under the Panchayati System.

ANS. In rural areas, there are three levels of the local self – governing bodies.

a)      Gram Panchayat at the village level.

b)  Block  Samiti or Panchayat Samiti at the block level.  

c) Zila Parishad or Zila Panchayat at the District level.

This three- tier system is called as Panchayati Raj System.

Q2. Write the two functions of the Gram Sabha.

ANS. The two functions of the Gram Sabha are :    

a)Gram Sabha elects the members of Gram Panchayat and its Pradhan or Head –man.  b) It takes important decisions about the welfare and development of the village. 

c) It also approves the annual budget of the Gram Panchayat.  

d)  It holds its meetings atleast twice a year.

Q3. What is the most important function of Panchayat  Samiti.

Ans3. Large projects like well –equipped hospitals, opening of senior secondary schools, colleges and construction of link roads between the villages, are taken up jointly by some villages.(Block Samiti)

Q3. Write 5 functions of the Panchayat Samiti(Block Samities). 

Ans a)The panchayat samiti looks after the developmental and welfare work of the villages of a particular block.

b)It also looks after agriculture, promotion of cottage industries, poultry, fishery etc.

c) It also supervises the projects being undertaken by the village panchayat.

d) It helps in the formation of cooperative societies etc.

e) It gives advice to the villagers in the field of agriculture, education, medicine, veterinary aid etc.

Q4. Mention the sources of income of a Village Panchayat.

ANS. 1.The Village Panchayat gets its income from taxes on houses, market places, use of open spaces etc.

2. It gets grants or aid from the government.

3.  Many a times, it raises loans to complete its welfare and developmental projects.

Q5. How are Panchs and Pradhan (members) of a Gram Panchayat elected?

ANS. 1. Members of Gram Panchayat are directly elected for a fixed term of 5 years by the Members of Gram Sabha through the process of election.

2. All the men and women of the village who have attained the age of 18 years and are registered as voters, form the gram Sabha.

3. The Gram Sabha is the general body of the village.

E.Q1. Mention any five functions of the Gram Panchayat.

ANS. Five functions of the Gram Panchayat are :

1      1) Provisions of clean drinking water.

2      2) Plantation of trees.

        3) Organization of fairs and festivals.

d      4) Keeping records of births and deaths.

5      5) Provisions of centers of adult literacy.

       6)   Construction and maintenance of village roads, street lights, public wells, tanks, water ways etc.

Q2. Describe the composition of Zila Parishad.

ANS. 1. Some elected members

2. The Chairman of the Block Samities

3.  Members of Lok Sabha , Rajya Sabha , Vidhan Parishad

4. Representatives of Schedule Caste, Schedule Tribes and women from the district.

5. A permanent government employee act as Secretary of the Zila Parishad.

Q3. How does the Zila Parishad keep control over the other Panchayati Raj institutions?                     Or

Q3.  Write any five functions of the Zila Parishad .

Ans-3Five functions of the Zila Parishad are :

 1. It acts as a link between the State Government, Block Samities and the Village Panchayats.

2. It keeps the government informed about the working of local self-governi ng bodies.

3. It prepares plans for over all development of the whole district (in the field of education, agriculture, health care, animal husbandry, village and cottage industries etc).

4. It also implements 5 year Plans and other plans for the rural development.

5. It distributes government funds to Block Samities.

Q4. Differentiate between A Gram Sabha and Gram Panchayat.

A4. Gram Sabha                                                      Gram Panchayat

1. It is the general body of the village.                  1. It is comprised of elected members of a village.

2. All men and women who have attained          2. Candidates for contesting the

The age of 18 years and are registered               elections should be minimum

voters from the Gram Sabha.                                             of 21 years of age.

3. It takes important decision about                      3. It implements decisions taken

the welfare and development of the village.       by the Gram Sabha.

Q5. Highlight the significance of Self-governing bodies in a democracy like India?         Or       Why do we need local self-government?

ANS.

    1.   It helps and assists the people  of every village or city to meet their community need.   

    2.   It also lessens the burden of the State Government.

    3.   It gives an opportunity to the people to develop self-reliance, initiative, power of decision-making.

    4.    It gives them opportunity to participate in the democratic process of the government.

    5.  They try to find solutions to their day-to-day local problems  by sitting together and holding discussion as it can be understood better by them.

EXTRA QUESTIONS

Q6. Write a short note on Nyaya Panchayat?

ANS. 1. Nyaya Panchayat is a form of village court which helps the people to get speedy and inexpensive justice.

2. It hears and decides only civil and criminal cases of minor nature like trespassing, minor thefts, water disputes  etc.

 3. It can impose a fine upto Rs. 100.

4. But, it can’t send a person to a jail.

Q4. Differentiate between Zila Parishad and Gram Panchayat.

 ZILA PARISHAD

    a)      It is a governing body at the district level.

   b)      It supervises and controls all the samities of the district and also of Gram Panchayat which are under them.

   c)       Its composition – the chairman of the Block Samities , some elected members of Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha , Vidhan Sabha , Vidhan Parishad , reprentatives of Schedule Caste , Schedule tribes and women.

   d)      It elects President and Vice – President from amongst its members for a term of 5 years.

GRAM PANCHAYAT

    a)      It is a governing body at the village level.

   b)      There is a Gram Panchayat in every village in case of very small villages there is a combined Panchayat for two or three villages.

   c)       Its composition- the members of Gram Panchayat, its Pradhan , Up – Pradhan and Panchayat secretary.

   d)      It elects Panchs for a fixed term of 5 years by the members of Gram Sabha.